If you’re experiencing changes in appetite during cancer treatment, you’re not alone. Cancer-related anorexia, which is a loss of appetite driven by the disease or its treatments, affects up to 80% of advanced cancer patients. Unlike anorexia nervosa, cancer-related anorexia isn’t about body image; it’s a physical and metabolic challenge that can make eating feel like a chore.
Anorexia can lead to cachexia, which is weakness and wasting of the body as a patient loses fat and muscle mass. Studies show that 50–80% of advanced cancer patients develop cachexia, which accounts for 20% of cancer-related deaths. The sooner you address appetite issues, the better your chances of maintaining strength.
Appetite loss during cancer care is rarely due to just one cause.
Some of the key factors at play include:
1) The cancer itself
Tumors release inflammatory molecules called cytokines that disrupt hunger signals. Cancers in the stomach, pancreas, or lungs may physically block digestion or cause pain.
2) Treatment side effects
Chemotherapy and radiation often cause nausea, taste changes (“metal mouth”), or mouth sores, along with fatigue, diarrhea, or vomiting. Some treatments may make swallowing painful or otherwise cause stomach problems.
3) Emotional stress
Anxiety, depression, or the sheer exhaustion of treatment can make food unappealing.
5 ways to manage appetite changes
1) Eat small, frequent meals
Prioritize protein with choices like Greek yogurt, eggs, nut butter, or protein shakes. Staying hydrated with broths, herbal teas, or water-rich fruits will make a huge impact too but make sure those drinks are not replacing more caloric-dense food choices.
2) Make food more appealing
Experiment with spices, citrus, or herbs to counteract taste changes. Try cold or room-temperature foods if smells bother you.
3) Control side effects
Ask your care team about anti-nausea meds or mouth-numbing rinses for sores. Use laxatives or stool softeners if constipation is an issue.
4) Consider appetite boosters
Medications like megestrol acetate or steroids (e.g., dexamethasone) may help stimulate hunger.
5) Seek support
Talk to a dietitian specializing in cancer care for personalized meal plans. Your care team can help refer you to the right dietitian. Join a support group to share tips with others facing similar challenges.
You’re not alone
At Outcomes4Me, we provide expert-backed guidance, symptom tracking, and a supportive patient community that understands what you’re going through. Need more help? Connect with an oncology nurse directly in the app. Take control of your care with personalized, actionable insights because every step forward matters.
