Ovarian cancer affects about 1 in 78 women in the United States during their lifetime, with roughly 20,000 new cases diagnosed each year. It often goes undetected until it has reached an advanced stage because early symptoms can be subtle, such as bloating, abdominal discomfort, or changes in appetite.

After an ovarian cancer diagnosis, one of the most helpful ways to take control of your care is to prepare questions for your doctor. Asking clear, thoughtful questions can help you understand your diagnosis, explore treatment options, and learn about resources available to support your health and quality of life.

Here are some questions to consider for your appointment:

• What stage and grade is my ovarian cancer, and what does that mean for my prognosis?
• What type of ovarian cancer do I have?
• What treatment options are available to me, including surgery, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, or immunotherapy?
• How can biomarker testing help guide my treatment plan?
  Are there clinical trials that might be appropriate for my case?
• What side effects should I expect from each treatment, and how can they be managed?
• How will treatment affect my fertility or hormonal health, and are there preservation options?
• How often will I need imaging or follow-up visits, and what will they involve?
• What supportive resources does the cancer center offer, such as palliative care, nutrition guidance, financial assistance, or mental health support?
• Are there lifestyle changes that may help improve my overall health during treatment?

Understanding the stage and type of ovarian cancer is crucial for deciding on the best treatment plan. Surgery is often a key part of treatment, which may involve removing one or both ovaries, the uterus, and nearby lymph nodes or tissue. Chemotherapy is commonly used either before or after surgery, and newer targeted therapies can be especially helpful for patients with certain genetic mutations.

Biomarker or genetic testing plays an important role in ovarian cancer care. Tests for tumor-specific markers can help your doctor select therapies that are more likely to be effective for your particular cancer. These tests can also provide valuable information for family members who may carry similar genetic risks.

It’s also important to consider supportive resources. Many cancer centers have palliative care teams who help manage symptoms like pain, fatigue, or nausea. Nutritionists can provide guidance on maintaining strength and weight during treatment, while social workers or patient navigators can help with financial concerns, insurance questions, and connecting you with support groups. Mental health support is equally important, and counseling services can help both patients and family members cope with the emotional challenges of a cancer diagnosis.

Finally, don’t hesitate to bring a trusted family member or friend to your appointments. They can take notes, help you remember the doctor’s explanations, and provide emotional support. Asking questions, taking notes, and using the resources available to you can make a meaningful difference in feeling informed and supported.

You’re not alone. Join the Outcomes4Me Community for a safe space to share your story and connect with others who share your diagnosis.